菅野敦志现为日本名樱大学国际学群上級准教授，他於2007年在日本早稻田大学取得博士学位。他的专長为台湾现代史，目前也担任日本早稻田大学台湾研究所客座研究员。主要代表性学術著作有：《台湾の国家と文化》（东京：劲草书房，2011），《台湾の语言と文字》（东京：劲草书房，2012）。他的第一本书获得亚洲经济研究所(IDE-JETRO)第33届发展途上国研究奖励奖（2012）。Full Text
簡体字 / 正體字 / English摘要:
本稿将1950年代台湾发生之一个文字改革的论战与其主要论者罗家伦做为检讨。因1949年中华民国政府失去战局由大陆迁台，中国知识分子陆续跟随中央政府来台，从而形成并影响了1950年代台湾社会的文化环境和走向。此一时期既继承了大陆新文化运动， 又有许多台湾特有的文脉出现。
在大陆时期“未实现的文字改革”，在台湾由罗家伦主导推行；却在教育部简体字研究委员会成立以后，遭到保守派的反对，引起了一股巨大“简体字论战”。然而，1956年1月在大陆“汉字简化方案”公布了以后，因为在大陆的共产党政府刚好提早结束整立研究而先公布了简体字，使简体字反对派获得了政治正当性。
为了对抗共产党，国民党不得不采取保守的姿态，结果使国民党彻底坚持文化保守主义为主的文化政策。中国知识分子渡海而来，在台湾为了改革旧文化试图重新扶植五四精神种子的努力，却在両岸的文化战争中，遭到压制导致无法开花结果。
摘要:
本稿將1950年代台灣發生之一個文字改革的論戰與其主要論者羅家倫做為檢討。因1949年中華民國政府失去戰局由大陸遷台，中國知識分子陸續跟隨中央政府來台，從而形成並影響了1950年代台灣社會的文化環境和走向。此一時期既繼承了大陸新文化運動， 又有許多台灣特有的文脈出現。
在大陸時期「未實現的文字改革」，在台灣由羅家倫主導推行；卻在教育部簡體字研究委員會成立以後，遭到保守派的反對，引起了一股巨大「簡體字論戰」。然而，1956年1月在大陸「漢字簡化方案」公布了以後，因為在大陸的共産黨政府剛好提早結束整立研究而先公布了簡體字，使簡體字反對派獲得了政治正當性。
為了對抗共産黨，國民黨不得不採取保守的姿態，結果使國民黨徹底堅持文化保守主義為主的文化政策。中國知識分子渡海而來，在台灣為了改革舊文化試圖重新扶植五四精神種子的努力，卻在両岸的文化戰爭中，遭到壓制導致無法開花結果。
Abstract:
This paper examines the debate on character reform in 1950s Taiwan and the role of its major advocate, Luo Jia-lun. Because the government of Republic of China lost the civil war against the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and resettled in Taiwan, a large number of elites from mainland China also moved to Taiwan along with the government, which structured and influenced the socio-cultural environment of the 1950s Taiwan. The role of these elites, who inherited the spirit of New Culture Movement from mainland, coupled with Taiwan's peculiar historical context played a significant role in the rise and development of cultural issues during the period such as character reform.
Luo Jia-lun of Kuomintang (KMT) actively advocated and took the initiative in Taiwan to restart KMT’s “unrealized character reform” in Mainland China. But immediately after the organization of the Ministry of Education Research Committee on Simplified Character, Luo’s attempt faced harsh resistance from conservative mainlander elites, and the controversy over character reform became one of the largest cultural debates in postwar Taiwan. However, while the controversy was reaching its peak, the Chinese Communist Party regime in the mainland successfully launched their character reform in advance by the implementation of the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme in 1956. This move by the Chinese Communist Party inevitably granted political authenticity to the opposition elites who were against the character reform in Taiwan.
To compete against the CCP, the KMT claimed it had no choice except taking a conservative standpoint, and it thereafter adhered to the conservative and dogmatic cultural policy. Progressive elites from mainland China who traveled across the Taiwan Strait had indeed attempted to continue with the unfinished cultural reform by implanting the seeds of New Culture Movement in Taiwan; however, as wars over culture continued across the Straits, their attempts were unsuccessful and the seeds they planted were never able to blossom in the cultural ground of Taiwan.
